Tariqat kya hai?
Tariqat, hidayat ka rasta aur Qur’an-e-Kareem aur Sunnat-e-Paighambar-e-Akram (Sallallahu Ta’ala Alayhi Wa Aalihi Wasallam) ka tareeqa hai, jise Ahle-Bait aur As’haab-e-Kiram ne apne amal se dikhaya hai.
Haqeeqat mein, tariqat wahi "Sirat-e-Mustaqeem” hai jo surah Fatihah ki is ayaat mein bayan kiya gaya hai:
"Ihdinas Siratal Mustaqeem, Siratal Lazeena An’amta Alayhim”
Iska matlab hai hidayat aur haqq ka rasta, jismein jo log sabit qadam rehte hain, dunya aur aakhirat dono mein kamiyabi hasil karte hain. Qur’an-e-Kareem bhi farmata hai:
"Wa allaw istaqaamu ‘alat-tariqati la asqaynahum ma’an ghadaqa”(Al-Jinn: 16).
Yani agar log is tariqat par sabit qadam rahte, to hum unhein bepanah rehmat aur barkat se nawazte.
Tariqa-e-Qadri Kasnazani Ke Ahem Shaksiyaath
Aham tareen peshwayan mein Hazrat Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (Alayhis Salam) shamil hain, jo ahl-e-tasawwuf ke darmiyan "Bahr al-Tara’iq” kehlate hain, kyunki tamam sufiyana silsile unhi se wabishta hain.
Tariqat Imam Ali (Alayhis Salam) se dast-ba-dast Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah) tak pohanchi, phir silsila mashaykh ke zariye Shaikh Abdul Karim Shah Kasnazani (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah) tak pahucha, jinhon ne is tariqat ko hidayat aur irshad ki bulandi tak pohnchaya, aur yeh "Tariqat-e-Aliyah Qadiriyyah Kasnazaniyyah” ke naam se mashhoor hui.
Fawaid-e-Tariqat aur Tariqa Mei Kaise Daakhil Karein?
Tariqat mein Dakhil Hone ka Tariqa
Tariqat mein dakhil hone ka tareeqa Bai‘at hai, jo Shaikh ke haath par ki jati hai. Yeh Bai‘at Allah aur Uske Rasool (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Aalihi Wasallam) ke samne ahad aur tasleem ka izhar hota hai.
Jis tarah Qur’an-e-Kareem mein farmaya gaya:
"Innal lazeena yubayi‘oonaka innama yubayi‘oonallah; Yadullahi fawqa aydihim” (Al-Fath: 10)
Yani jo log tumse bai‘at karte hain, asal mein woh Allah se bai‘at kar rahe hain, aur Allah ka haath unke haathon ke upar hai.
Bai‘at ke dauran murid apne haath ko Shaikh ke haath par rakhta hai aur unki barakat aur hidayat se faida uthata hai.
Paighaam-e-Tariqa-e-Qadri Kasnazani
Tariqa-e-Qadri Kasnazani ka paighaam Qur’an-e-Kareem aur Seerat-e-Paighambar-e-Akram (Sallallahu Alayhi Wa Aalihi Wasallam) ki taleemaat par mabni hai. Yeh tariqat akhlaqi qeematon jaise ke meharbani, sidqat, tawazu aur sabr ko farogh deti hai.
Tariqat ka rawayya sirf azkar aur ibadat tak mehdood nahi, balki ikhlaki zindagi, dakhli tafakkur aur doosron ki madad par bhi zorr deta hai. Is paighaam ka zikr Qur’an aur Ahadith mein bhi aaya hai:
- "Wa innaka la’ala khuluqin azeem” (Al-Qalam: 4)
(Yeh ayat Nabi-e-Kareem ﷺ ki azeem akhlaqi shanakht ko wazeh karti hai.) - "Fa-asbahtum bini‘matihi ikhwana” (Aal-e-Imran: 103)
(Jo bhai chaare aur wahdat ki ahmiyat ko bayan karti hai.) - Hadees: "Innama bu’istu li-utammima makarim al-akhlaq.”
(Main is liye bheja gaya hoon ke akhlaq ki kamal takreeb karoon.) - Hadees: "Khayrukum man ta‘allamal Qur’ana wa ‘allamahu.”
(Tum mein behtareen woh hai jo Qur’an seekhta hai aur doosron ko sikhata hai.)
Tariqat apne pairokaron ki zindagi ko akhlaaq, insaaniyat aur zikr-e-Ilahi ki taraf rahnumai karta hai aur unhein roohani aur samaaji taraqqi ki taraf le jata hai.
Rasma’at-e-Tariqa-e-Qadri Kasnazani
Tariqat-e-Qadri Kasnazani ke Rasma’at roohani aadaab aur amaal ka majmua hain, jin ka maqsad dil ko buri aadaton se paak karna, Allah se qurb hasil karna, aur mureedon ki roohani taraqqi hai. Yeh Rasma’at tasawwuf ke usoolon aur Islami taleemaat se ilham le kar tay kiye gaye hain.
Aham Rasma’at-e-Tariqae-e-Qadri Kasnazani
Tariqat-e-Qadri Kasnazani ke chand ahem Rasma’at yeh hain:
Zikr
Allah ke mubarak naam ya muqaddas alfaaz, jaise "Allah” aur "Ya Hayyu, Ya Wahid” jo Allah ki zaat par tamaam tawajju markooz karne, dil ki safai aur roohani ta‘alluq mazboot karne ke liye kiya jata hai.
Sama‘
Aisi roohani mosiqi aur sufiyana ash‘aar sun’na jo Allah ki muhabbat ko barhane aur roohani halat paida karne ka sabab bane. Sama‘ ki mehfil andaruni sukoon aur Allah ki zaat se gehri nisbat ka zariya hoti hai.
Khilwat (I‘tikaf)
Ek muddat ke liye tanhaee mein ibadat, tafakkur aur tazkiya-e-nafs ka amal. Is dauran insan apne andar ke roohani talaqat khol sakta hai aur Allah ki zaat ka gehra idraak hasil kar sakta hai. Tafseelat "I‘tikaf aur Khalwat-Nasheen” ke hisse mein bayan ki gayi hain.
Khanqah (Takiyah)
Yeh sufiyon ka markaz hota hai jahan woh jama‘at mein ibadat aur zikr karte hain. Khanqah ek muqaddas jagah aur tasawwuf ki taleemat farogh dene ka markaz hai.
Rabta-e-Mureed wa Shaikh
Mureed aur Shaikh ke darmiyan ek gehra roohani aur taleemi ta‘alluq hota hai. Shaikh mureed ki roohani tarbiyat karta hai aur usay irshad-o-hidayat ata karta hai.
Halaqa-e-Zikr
Sufiyon ki ek jama‘at jo mil kar zikr karti hai, taake roohani halaat hasil hon aur Allah ki rehmat aur barkat zyada se zyada hasil ki jaye. Ye jama‘ati zikr duaaon ki qabooliyat aur barkat ka sabab banta hai.
Zikir e Jama’at par Rehmat-e-Ilahi ka Asar
Zikr-e-jama‘i ek mikrofon ki tarah hai jo awaz ko barhata hai aur Allah ki rehmat aur barkat ke zyada nazool ka sabab banata hai.
Agar ek shakhs zikr kare, to us par Allah ka Noor nazil hota hai.
Agar do shakhs zikr karein, to ek Noor pehle shakhs ke zariye aur ek Noor doosre shakhs ke zariye nazil hota hai, aur dono ka Noor do barabar ho jata hai.
Agar 100 log mil kar zikr karein, to Noor aur barkat la‘dada barh jati hai, aur iska asar sab ki zindagi par mehsoos hota hai.
Majlis-e-Zikr-e-Jama‘I Mei Shirkat Ki Daawat:
Agar aap Tariqat-e-Qadri Kasnazani se judna chahte hain aur haftawar majalis-e-zikr mein shamil hona chahte hain, to aap Ilahi barkat se laabh utha sakte hain aur apni zindagi mein ek gehri roohani tajurba mehsoos kar sakte hain.
Agar aap in roohani mehfilon mein shirkat karna chahte hain, to barah-e-karam "Contact us” ke hissay se apni maloomat aur apke ilaqa hum tak pahunchayen.
Shaikh-e-Tariqat ya Mu‘allim-e-Roohi
Tamam sufiyana silsile yeh maan’te hain ke roohani taraqqi aur Allah ki muhabbat ko dil mein jagane ke liye ek roohani rahnuma ya Shaikh ki zaroorat hoti hai.
Islami Irfan duniya ke tareen mutasir kun roohani nizaamon mein se ek hai, jo aaj bhi duniya bhar ke logon ko apni taraf mutwajjah kar raha hai.
Iske azeem buzurgaan jaise Hasan al-Basri, Junaid al-Baghdadi aur Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (Qaddas Allahu Asrarahum) ne yeh sabit kiya ke Islami irfan har roohani tareeqay se barh kar hai.
Shaikh-e-Tariqat ka kirdar Roohani Tarbiyat mei
Surah al-Baqarah (129) mein Hazrat Ibrahim (Alayhis Salam) ki yeh duaa hai:
"Rabbana wab‘ath fihim Rasoolan minhum yatlu ‘alayhim aayaatika wa yu‘allimuhumul kitaaba wal-hikmata wa yuzakkeehim."
(Parwardigara! Un mein ek aisa Rasool bhej jo unhein teri aayatein sunaye, unhein kitab aur hikmat ki taleem de, aur unka tazkiyah kare.)
Is ayat mein "Yatlu ‘alayhim aayaatika wa yu‘allimuhumul kitaab wal-hikmah” shariat aur taleem ka zikar hai, jabke "Yuzakkeehim” roohani tazkiyah aur dil ki safai ka izhar hai.
Tazkiyah sirf ilm say hasil nahi hota, balki ek roohani quwwat ki zaroorat hoti hai, jo insaan ke andar Allah ki muhabbat aur roohani nizam ko bedar kare. Shaikh-e-Tariqat ka yahi kirdar hota hai.
Tazkiyah ke Do Pehlu
- Ilm-e-Tazkiyah – Yeh shariat se mutaliq hai, jo insan ke zehni samajh aur fiqhi maqoolat ka hissa hai.
- Haalat-e-Tazkiyah – Yeh Tariqat ka maqam hai, jo insan ke dil aur rooh mein mehsoos hota hai.
Jaise ke ilm-e-ilahi sirf zehni samajh hai, magar ishq-e-ilahi ek roohani tajurba hai.
Yeh ilm ko ishq mein tabdeel karne ke liye ek katolizor ya waasta chahiye. Islami Irfan mein yeh katalizor Sheikh-e-Tariqat hota hai.
Shaikh-e-Tariqat Ke Asar ki Ek Misaal: Dastan-e-Jalaluddin Rumi
Jalaluddin Rumi tariqat mein dakhil hone se pehle apne daur ke azeem tareen ulema mein se ek thay. Wo char fiqhi maktabon mein fatwa dete, Qur’an ki taleem dete aur sadon mureedon ke murshid thay.
Unka ibadat ka ahwal aala darjay ka tha; wo namaz-e-shab adaa karte, magar Allah ki muhabbat ko sirf zehni taur par jante thay, dil se mehsoos nahi karte thay. Agar unse poocha jata ke kya aap Allah se muhabbat karte hain? to wo jawab dete: "Bilkul.”
Magar un ki zindagi tab badal gayi jab Shams Tabrizi unki zindagi mein aaye.
Shams, jo zaahir mein Rumi se kam taleem yafta lagte thay, magar Tariqat ke Shaikh ki haisiyat rakhte thay. Ek hi mulaqat aur ek bai‘at ne Rumi ke ilm-e-ilahi ko ishq-e-ilahi mein tabdeel kar diya.
Is roohani tabdili ne Rumi ko ek mohtat aalim se ek be-qarar aashiq bana diya. Khud Rumi farmate hain:
Murdah badam, zinda shudam, giryah badam, khanda shudam
Dawlat-e-ishq amad o man, dawlat-e-payanda shudam
(Yani: Main murda tha, zinda ho gaya; ghamgeen tha, muskurane laga. Jab ishq ki daulat mili, to hamesha ke liye faizan pa gaya.)
Rang-e-Ilahi: Zindagi ka Naya Safar Tariqat ke Sath
Shaikh-e-Tariqat ek aise naqash ki tarah hota hai jo insaan ki syaah-o-sufaid zindagi ko roshni aur rangon se bhar deta hai.
Surah al-Baqarah (138) mein farmaya gaya:
"Sibghatallah; wa man ahsanu minallahi sibghah?”
(Yani: Yeh Allah ka rang hai, aur Allah ke rang se behtar kaunsa rang ho sakta hai?)
Hafiz Shirazi bhi bina rahnuma ishq-e-ilahi tak pohanchne ko namumkin samajhte hain. Wo farmate hain:
Ba kui-e-ishq manah be daleel raah qadam
Ke man be khwesh namudam sad ihtimaam o nashud
(Yani: Ishq ki gali mein bina rahnuma kadam na rakhna, kyunki main ne apni poori koshish ki, magar tanha na pohanch saka.)
Yahi wajah hai ke Islami tasawwuf ke azeem ulema yeh baat zor de kar bayan karte hain ke Shaikh-e-Tariqat ka hona Ishq-e-Ilahi aur qurb-e-Khuda tak pohanchne ke liye zaroori hai.
Shaikh-e-Tariqat: Roohani Rahnuma aur Wasilah-e-Irfan
Shaikh-e-Tariqat ya ustad-e-m‘anwi, mureedon ke dilon mein ishq-e-ilahi jagane ka asli kirdar ada karte hai.
Yeh sirf ilm aur shari‘at tak mehdood nahi, balki ek aisi roohani salahiyat hai jo Sheikh ko yeh qudrat deti hai ke wo mureedon ki ruh ko roshni ki taraf le ja sake aur unhein tariqat ke asliyat se waqif kar sake.
Kardaar aur Khususiyaat-e-Shaikh-e-Tariqat
Pir-e-Tariqat ya Shaikh-e-Tariqat Islami Irfan mein ek aise roohani salahiyaton ke malik hote hain jo unhein aam logon se mumtaz banati hain. Yeh roohani taqat unhein door se madad karne aur Allah ki rehmat se logon ko faida pohchane ki salahiyat deti hai.
Tasawwuf mein aise afraad ko "Ghawth” kaha jata hai.
Qur’an-e-Kareem ki Surah al-Naml (40) mein ek azeem buzurg Asif bin Barkhiya ka zikr hai, jo Allah ke wali thay. Unhone Hazrat Suleman (Alayhis Salam) ke samne ek palak jhapakne ki dair mein Malika-e-Saba ka takht hazir kar diya.
Yeh Qur’ani misaal is baat ka daleel hai ke Allah apne kuch khaas bandon ko azeem roohani quwwatein ata farmata hai.
Quwwat-e-Ghawth aur Pir/Shaikh-e-Tariqat
Hazrat Sultan Muhammad al-Muhammad Kasnazan (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah) Ghawth aur Pir-e-Tariqat ki qudrat ke mutaliq farmate hain:
"Shaikh-e-Tariqat aam insaan se barh kar ek azeem roohani taqat rakhta hai. Yeh quwwat Ghawth ke maqam tak yeh pohanchti hai ke woh Allah ke Noor se wahidiyat ka rishta jod leta hai aur door tak bhi zaroorat mandon ki madad kar sakta hai.”
"Aise afraad Allah ki marzi ke qareeb hotay hain, aur unki duaa maqbool hoti hai. Ghawth ki yeh salahiyat hoti hai ke woh door se kisi ki faryaad sun saktay hai aur Allah ki qudrat se uski madad kar saktay hai.”
Yeh sabit karta hai ke Pir-e-Tariqat sirf ek ilm ka rahnuma nahi, balki ek roohani rehnuma aur Allah ki rehmat ka nizaam hai, jo mureedon ko hidayat aur madad ata karta hai.
Ghawth al-A‘zam Ka Darjaah
Har daur mein Pir-e-Tariqat apne waqt ke Ghawth hote hain, jise Ghawth al-Zaman kaha jata hai. Yeh ek roohani maqam hai jo Allah ke khaas bandon ko ata hota hai, jinke zariye logon par Allah ki rehmat aur madad ka nuzool hota hai.
Hazrat Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah), jo Ghawth al-A‘zam ke naam se mashhoor hain, Islami irfan ki tareekh ki azeem tareen shakhsiyat mein se ek hain.
Aap tariqat aur deen ki ihya ka aala martaba rakhte thay, aur isi wajah se aapko "Muhiyuddin” ka laqab mila, jiska matlab hai "Deen ko zinda karne wala."
Aap se Tariqat-e-Qadiriyyah ka aghaz hua, jo aaj tak sabse purani, asli aur maqbool tareeqat mein se ek hai.
Aapki roohani taqat aur asar ki misaal dunya bhar mein aaj bhi zahir hai, aur aap ka silsila roohani qudrat, hidayat aur ilm ka ek be-misaal markaz bana hua hai.
Islami Tasawwuf mei Qadiri Tariqat ka Martaba
Agarche duniya mein bohat se sufiyana silsile mojood hain, magar in mein se aksar chand bade shaakhon tak simat jate hain. Un mein Tariqa-e-Qadiriyyah aik azeem silsila hai jo apni mustaqeem nasab Hazrat Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah) se jor’ta hai.
Yeh Tariqa-e-Noor-e-Muhammadi hai, jo bai‘at ke zariye mureedon ke dilon mein roohani anwaar ko muntaqil karti hai. Yeh sirf roohani tareeq nahi, balki Ilahi barkat aur qurb ka ek sidha zariya hai jo iske pairokaron/mureedon ko hasil hota hai.
Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah) ki Taareef Mei Allama
Mashhoor sufi Jami ne Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani ko "Sultan-ul-Arifeen” ka laqab diya.
Shaikh Muhammad Naqshband, jo Tariqa-e-Naqshbandiyyah ke baani hain, aap ke mutaliq yeh farmate hain:
"Malik al-‘Alameen huwa al-Shah Abdul Qadir, wa Rabb Walad-e-Adam huwa al-Shah Abdul Qadir.”
"Al-Shamsu wa al-Qamar wa al-‘Arshu wa al-Kursiyyu wa al-Qalam, Noor al-Qalb min Noor al-A‘zam huwa al-Shah Abdul Qadir.”
Yeh ashaar yeh sabit karte hain ke Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah) Islami Tasawwuf ke azeem tareen buzurg hain, jin ki roohani maqam ki misaal nahi milti.
Azeem Nasab-e-Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah)
Hazrat Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani (Qaddas Allahu Sirrah) ka nasab do azeem islami shakhsiyaat se jor’ta hai:
Waalid ki taraf se: Hazrat Imam Hasan (Alayhis Salam)
Waalida ki taraf se: Hazrat Imam Hussain (Alayhis Salam)
Yeh Shajrah-e-Mubarak sabit karta hai ke aap sirf roohani buzurg nahi, balki Ahl-e-Bait se qaribi talluq rakhne wale ek azeem wali hain.
Tariqa-e-Qadiriyyah jo ishq-e-ilahi aur ma‘arifat par mabni hai, roohani taraqqi aur Allah ki qurbat ka ek azeem tareeq hai. Iske mashaykh Ilahi faizan ka waseela hain jo insaan ko noor-e-ilahi tak pahunchane ka sabab bante hain.