Sama’ fi Tariqat al-Ksanzaniyah
Sama’ wo amal hai jis mein har qisam ki aawazon ko kaan ke zariye suna jata hai, jahan awaaz ki lehrain apne bunyadi zarayon se muntaqil hoti hain jaise ke dhol, daf aur doosre moseqi ke aalaat. Insaan ki rooh fitri tor par meethi aawazon ki taraf mail hoti hai, khaas tor par zikr ki mehfilon ya qasa’id ya Nabi ﷺ ki madah mein. Jab awaaz meetha aur khushnuma hota hai, aur qaseeda mo’asar andaaz mein pesh kiya jata hai, to roohain taizi se roohani jazbaat mein mubtala ho jati hain, aur is ke saath gehri roohani asar bhi hoti hain.
Sama’ ka Asar Nufus Par:
Jab awaaz meetha, mozoon aur rawani se pesh ki jaati hai to nufus taizi se mutasir hotay hain, aur mureed zikr aur mashayikh ki mojoodgi se roohani keef mein mubtala ho jata hai. Yeh roohani keef roohon ke aik dosray se taamul ke zariye hasil hota hai, mureed aik khushi aur roohani mojoodgi ke alam mein daakhil hota hai, jahan woh naye roohani jahanon mein safar karta hai, jo roohani sukoon se bhare hotay hain. Jaisa ke Quran mein zikr hai: **(Jo khushi mein hain us per jo Allah ne unko diya)**【1】, aur mureed alawi duniya mein jhoomte aur tasbih karte hain, jaisa ke ayat mein zikr hai: **(Yaqeenan sama’at, basarat aur dil, yeh sab usse mutaliq hain)**【2】.
Nabi ﷺ ka Sama’ ke sath Tajurba:
Sama’ ki ahmiyat Nabi ﷺ ke jawab se zahir hoti hai jab aap ﷺ ne mazhabi qasa’id sune, aap ﷺ ka jism mubarak jhoom uthha, aur jab aap ﷺ ne yeh ashar sunay to aap ﷺ ka chadar gir gaya:
"Aye woh jo banday ki aah-o-faghan aur pachtaway ko pasand karte ho
Aye woh jo bimariyon aur takalif ka ilaaj rakhte ho
Aankhon ki maa aur banday ki aankh jaag rahi hai
Tere darwazay par raat ke andhere mein roti hai
Meri umeed ko na kaato, aye meri panah dene wale
Aye maaf karne wale, rehmat ke talibon ke liye
Apni karam se mujh par rehmat kar, mere aamal ko mat dekho
Yaqeenan sahib karam apne bandon ko maaf karta hai”
Is ke baad Jibra’il alayhis-salam naazil huay aur Nabi ﷺ ko bataya ke Allah apko salam bhejta hai aur aap se darkhwast karta hai ke apni chadar ka aik tukda Arsh par latkain.
Tariqat ke Ahl ka Sama’ ki Tareef
Sama’ ki Tareef:
Ulama aur mashayikh ke darmiyan sama’ ki tareef par mukhtalif raayein hain. Dhulnoon Misri ne kaha: "Sama’ aik warda hai jo dilon ko haq ki taraf kheenchti hai,” jab ke Junaid Baghdadi ne kaha: "Sama’ aik imtihan hai jo usay talab karta hai aur aik faraogh hai jo usay apna banaata hai.” Muhammad bin Ali al-Baqir alayhis-salam ke mutabiq, sama’ dilon ki zindagi ka saboot hai, yeh roohani paakizaayi aur nafs ke shahwat se buland honay ki alamat hai.
Rawayati aur Asli Sama’:
- Rawayati Sama’: Yeh us waqt hota hai jab log sufi duniya mein jo kuch karte hain uski naqal karne ki koshish karte hain, jisse woh sama’ ki aawazon se jazbaati jawab zaahir karte hain.
- Asli Sama’: Yeh us waqt paida hota hai jab insaan woh alfaaz sunta hai jo dil par asar andaz hotay hain aur woh roohani maanaon ke saath hum aahang ho jata hai, jaisa ke Allah ka irshaad hai: **(Tu mere bandon ko khushkhabri de jo baat sunte hain aur us mein sab se behtar ki pairwi karte hain)**【10】.
Tariqat ke Mashayikh ki Raayein
Sheikh Abdul Wahab Sha’arani ki Raayein:
Sheikh Abdul Wahab Sha’arani ne sama’ ko do qisam mein taqseem kiya:
- Rawayati Sama’: Yeh us waqt hota hai jab shakhs sufi duniya mein jo kuch karte hain uski naqal karne ki koshish karta hai.
- Asli Sama’: Yeh woh sama’ hai jo dil par asar andaz hota hai aur rooh ko buland karta hai, aur ismein paakizeh dilon ka kirdar hota hai jo mile hue alfaaz par ghour karte hain.
Sama’ Quran aur Sunnat mein:
Quran mein kai aayaat aayi hain jo sama’ aur iske roohani asraat ki himayat karti hain, jaise Allah ka irshaad: **(Jo baat sunte hain aur usmein sab se behtar ki pairwi karte hain)**【10】, jo achi aawazon ko sunne ki taraf ishaara karta hai, jo sahi maani ke saath jod kar rooh ko buland karti hain.
Imam Ghazali ke Nazdeek Sama’
Ghazali ke Nazdeek Sama’ ka Tasavvur:
Imam Ghazali ne sama’ ke baare mein apni baat shuru karte hue kaha: "Nass aur qiyas dono uski jiwaz par dalail dete hain.” Woh kehte hain ke sama’ khushgawar hona chahiye aur dimagh aur fikar ko mutaharik karna chahiye, aur yeh halaal hai agar awaaz khushgawar aur mozoon ho. Unhone farmaaya: **”Allah ne koi bhi Nabi nahi bheja magar uski awaaz khushgawar thi”**【3】.
Sama’ ki Taqseemat:
- Achi Awaaz: Woh awaaz jo dil mein jawab paida karti hai, jaise parindon ki aawaazain, bansriyan, aur janwaron ki aawazon.
- Mozoon Sama’: Woh sama’ jo insaan mein ladhat paida karta hai, jisse woh achi awaaz ko zayqa karta hai aur usse lutf andoz hota hai.
Tariqat ke Aadaab Sama’
Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani ke Mutabiq Sama’ ke Aadaab:
- Sadqat aur Adab se Sama’ Karna: Mureed ko chahiye ke woh dil se hazri mein aur Allah ki yaad ke saath sama’ kare.
- Haziri ka Ehteram: Agar koi Sheikh sama’ ke dauran mojood ho to mureed ko khamoshi ikhtiyar karni chahiye aur uska ehteram karna chahiye.
- Zyada Mutalba Na Karna: Mureed ko qari ya qawaal se takraar ke liye darkhwast nahi karni chahiye.
- Khamoshi aur Tawajjo: Samah ko mukammal tawajjo se sunna chahiye, aur dil ki sukoon ki haalat mein hona chahiye.
Khalasa
Aakhirkar, tariqat mein sama’ sirf aawazon ko sunna nahi hai balki yeh aik gehra roohani tafa’ul hai jo rooh ko buland karta hai aur saaf karta hai, aur nafs ko buland maanaon ki taraf rehnumai karta hai. Sama’ Allah ke qareeb jane aur imaan ko gehra karne ka aik waseela samjha jata hai, aur yeh sufi ke nazdeek pasandeeda amal hai bashartay ke yeh zyada shahwat ya roohani inhirafaat se azaad ho.